Zainab Khalfan Al Maqbali
, OmanTitle: Association of Pre-Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1 & Type 2), Gestational Diabetes, and Pre-Eclampsia with Preterm Birth Among Omani Women
Abstract
Background: An estimated 15 million infants
are born preterm every year; now the second-leading cause of death across the
globe for children younger than five years old. The aims of this study to
determine if and to what extent rates of pre-gestational diabetes mellitus,
gestational diabetes mellitus, and pre-eclampsia differ between Omani women who
deliver preterm infants and Omani women who deliver term infants. Shonkoff’s
bio-developmental framework provided the theoretical foundation for the study.
Methodology: This is a quantitative retrospective
cross-sectional study using secondary data. Data were gathered from a simple
random sample of 400 women who delivered preterm or term infants between 2015
and 2017 at Ibri hospital in Oman. Controls group included 200 women with
full-term and 200 cases women with pre-term. After data extraction and
cleaning, descriptive analyses and Chi-square tests of independence were
conducted.
Results: A total of 400 randomly selected
participants (mean age of the participants was 29.26 (SD ±5.75) years) were
included in the study. Results indicated no differences in rates of
pre-gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes, or pre-eclampsia
between mothers of preterm infants and term infants. However, results indicated
differences involving selected clinical and demographic variables, including
education level, multiple pregnancies complications in current pregnancy, and
maternal history of gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, and
obesity. The findings reveal the significance of social determinants of health,
including specific clinical and demographic factors, in predicting preterm
birth for Omani women.
Conclusion: According to the results, the
researcher recommends addressing the current study’s limitation of Omani specific
results in broader studies covering a greater population and diverse population
demographics. Also the researcher recommends the results of this study be
applied to nursing practice and education by training nurses and nursing
students to identify factors in patient family histories which might suggest
high risk pregnancies.
Biography
Zainab
Khalfan Al Maqbali has completed her PhD in 2019 from Villanova University,
USA. She is the associate dean of Oman College of Health Sciences/ Al Dhahira
Branch.
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