Sara Passos Silva
Viana do Castelo, PortugalTitle: Radiation- Associated Endometrial Cancer
Abstract
Introduction
Endometrial cancer
developing after irradiation of pelvic area has been called radiation
endometrial cancer (REC) and represents a group of heterogeneous tumors, a late
and rare complication of radiotherapy. Side
effects of radiation therapy come
from damage to healthy cells and tissues near the treatment area predisposing
to inflammation and damage to adjacent structures and rarely a second tumor can
appear. Radiation endometrial
cancers are rare but with a worse prognosis.
Discussion
REC has been suggested to
be a high risk disease with poorly differentiated tumors, high grade histological types of
endometrial cancer with more local
and distant spread and therefore with lower survival rates. The primary tumor
is cervical cancer in the majority of written reports. The mean latency period
between the diagnosis of first tumor and REC in written reports was 14 years, range
from 5 to 28 years.
A delay in the diagnosis of these tumors may
explain why the disease presents in more advanced stages. Clinical presentation
is often atypical with abdominal pain being the most common symptom whereas in
sporadic types vaginal bleeding is almost always present.
The threshold for
diagnostic work-up should be low in the presence of abdominal pain/ discomfort
or a hematometra imaging finding in a woman with a prior history of pelvic
irradiation after a long latency of exposure.
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