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Gynecology and Obstetrics are medical specialties they focus on two different aspects of the female reproductive system. At Virginia Beach OBGYN we provide care to women in all phases of their lives whether they are having a baby or are past menopause. Gynecology deals with any ailment regarding the reproductive organs; uterus, fallopian tubes, cervix, ovaries and vagina. Obstetrics deals with the care of the pregnant women, the unborn baby, labor and delivery and the immediate period following childbirth. The obstetrician protects that mother and child get the best pre-birth care to guarantee work and conveyance is cultivated without difficulties and that should mediation be required; it is done rapidly and securely.
A woman's body undergoes a series of monthly changes during her menstrual cycle to prepare for the possibility of pregnancy. Ovulation is the process by which one of the ovaries releases an egg every month. Changes in hormones also make the uterus more ready for pregnancy. The vaginal lining of the uterus sheds if ovulation occurs but the egg is not fertilized. This is a period of menstruation.
Gynecologic oncology is a specialized field of medicine that focuses on cancers of the female reproductive system, including ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, vaginal cancer, cervical cancer, and vulvar cancer. Gynecological cancers comprise 10-15% of women’s cancers, mainly affecting women past reproductive age but posing threats to fertility for younger patients. 

Gynecologic oncology has seen a tremendous growth as a surgical specialty over the past four decades. However, many regions of the world still lack structured training programs in this discipline. Identifying necessary skills required for the training of gynecologic oncology should assist in standardizing care provision globally, and could be a starting point for health systems beginning structured training programs. Development of surgical skills requires adequate training, mentorship, and self-evaluation as an ongoing process beyond the years spent in training programs.
Paediatric gynaecology encompasses the common conditions of labial adhesions and vulvovaginitis. Gynaecologists also have a title role in valuation of congenital genital tract anomalies and disorders of sex development although this tends to occur in adolescents, despite the benefits of early recognition of the gynaecological aspects of these problems in the neonatal period and childhood. With the onset of puberty, a number of difficulties occur relating to events of the physiological process of ovulation and menstruation including heavy and painful periods, and ovarian cysts. These complications can impact significantly on quality of life and need to be coped, as well as distinguished from more significant problems. Exercise levels, weight and general health can all have an impact on the reproductive hormones. Recognising common variations and problems from more significant problems in pubertal development and in the menstrual cycle is important in the care of young women. Basic understanding of contraceptive options and risks for teenage pregnancy are part of providing comprehensive health care for young women.
Urogynecology and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery proposals cutting-edge diagnostic and treatment options for women with complex pelvic floor disorders such as urinary incontinence, overactive bladder syndromes, pelvic organ prolapse, voiding and defecatory dysfunction, faecal incontinence, fistulas, diverticula and vaginal agenesis. It is therefore imperative that the history and examination are performed in a comprehensive fashion. Urogynaecological indicators are never life-threatening but they can have a profound impact on the women’s quality of life. Clinical assessment therefore objectives to determine the extent of the impairment on quality of life and thereby institute the most appropriate route of investigation and management.
The time during which a fetus grows inside a woman's uterus is referred to as "pregnancy." From the time you have your last menstrual period until you give birth, a pregnancy typically lasts about 40 weeks, or just over 9 months. Trimesters are the three stages of pregnancy that medical professionals refer to. The branch of obstetrics that deals with the anatomy and physiology of the mother, the fetus, or the newborn during late pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions.
The changes that come with pregnancy are normal physiological responses to the fetus's growth. Numerous factors cause these alterations; as the pregnancy progresses, hormonal changes, an increase in total blood volume, weight gain, and an increase in the size of the fetus are all factors. The pregnant woman is affected physiologically by each of these factors: Along with changes to the skin and breasts, the musculoskeletal, endocrine, reproductive, cardiovascular, respiratory, nervous, urinary, gastrointestinal, and immune systems are affected. Although there is variation worldwide and it is believed that the length of human pregnancies also vary naturally, the full gestation period is 39-40 weeks, and a preterm birth is considered to have occurred before 37 weeks.
• Breast cancer
• Breast implants
• Breast feeding
• Fibrocystic breast changes
• Basics of breast diseases related to gynecology
A relatively new field of medicine known as aesthetic gynaecology allows women to alter intimate body parts for sexual function or appearance. There are both surgical and non-surgical procedures in aesthetic gynecology. Demand from patients and doctors is growing. Despite the fact that this typically falls under the purview of obstetrics and gynecology, plastic and cosmetic surgeons have also developed a significant amount of interest in this area. Although plastic surgery and cosmetic surgery training programs that had the foresight to include specific training in this field have made inroads, obstetrics and gynecology residency and fellowship programs currently teach this subject. Currently, many surgeons begin their careers by completing preceptorship and certification courses in the United States and the United Kingdom. As a second wave of experts emerge, a steady stream of certificate programs continues to develop in Turkey, the Middle East, Spain, and South America.
Midwifery is that health science and therefore the profession concerned with pregnancy, childbirth, and therefore the postpartum period, besides sexual and reproductive health of girls during the course of their lives the specific duties of the midwife are mainly to help within the birthing process. Obstetrics word came from a Latin word “OBSTETRIX” means “MIDWIFE”. By the mid of the eighteenth century the quantity of male midwives had expanded however there was incredible resistance and rivalry from the maternity specialists and from the overall population. Midwives carries an enormous responsibility in helping women's during the period of childbirth.
Gynecologic pathology is the medical pathology subspecialty dealing with the study and diagnosis of disease involving the female genital tract and the placenta. This exercise requires that the pathologist differentiate which peritoneal disorders are müllerian derived versus originating from other organs. Diseases affecting the peritoneal cavity and the intra-abdominal organs comprise entities arising from elements native to the peritoneal cavity (secondary müllerian system, mesenchymal, and mesothelial proliferations. The both neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions of the female reproductive tract to equip you to meet a wide range of diagnostic challenge.

Maternal-fetal relationships have been related with psychosocial outcomes for women and children, but there has been an absence of conceptual clarity about the nature of the maternal relationship with the unborn child, and inconsistent findings assessing its predictors. The proposed and tested model whereby maternal-fetal relationship quality was foretold by factors relating to the quality of the couple relationship and psychological health. The hypothesized contribution of individual variances in romantic attachment shown in past research would be mediated by romantic caregiving responsiveness, as maternal-fetal relationships replicate the beginnings of the caregiving system.

A condition that affects the normal function of female reproductive organs, such as the breasts and the womb (uterus), ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, and vulva, is known as a gynecological disorder. We at Baptist Health System offer a wide range of treatments for gynecological issues, as well as screenings and prevention measures for women's gynecologic health. Gynecological inflammation can be brought on by a variety of factors. The majority of them are brought on by women's routines or stress.
Gynecological Surgery field is swiftly changing in response to new developments and innovations in endoscopy, robotics, imaging, and other interventional procedures. Gynecological Surgery is also growing and now encompasses all surgical interventions pertaining to women’s health, including oncology, urogynecology, and fetal surgery. In the current study, an incidence of three in 1000 cases of bladder or ureteral injury was identified among operative laparoscopic cases. Bladder injury is presumably to happen during either insertion of a suprapubic trocar or when exposing the lower uterine segment at time of hysterectomy. The foremost common sites of ureteral injury are probable to be at the pelvic brim during ligation of the infundibulopelvic ligament and near the uterosacral ligament during ligation of the uterine vessels.
The mainstream of babies born prematurely survive and develop normally. However, babies born before 34 weeks have a higher risk factor of dying soon after birth or flattering disabled than babies born at term. In singleton pregnancies, there is a possibility that a woman will go into labour ward and deliver before 34 weeks is about 1%. In identical pregnancies, the chance of such premature birth is about 10-15%. The proposals of Family Planning and increasing the empowerment of women, especially adolescents, plus better-quality of care before, between and during pregnancy can assistance to decrease preterm birth rates. Strategic investments in innovations and research are required to accelerate progress.
The natural termination of a pregnancy before twenty weeks of gestation is known as spontaneous abortion. To avoid being confused with induced abortion, spontaneous abortion is referred to as a "miscarriage" in common parlance. Only spontaneous abortions during the first trimester are considered to be early pregnancy losses. However, the majority of spontaneous abortions take place in the first trimester.

There are many different types of early pregnancy loss. Without sufficient uterine contractions to push out the products of conception, the embryo or fetus dies asymptomatically or "missed" in a missed abortion. Threatened abortion, on the other hand, is characterized by the symptomatic, "threatened" expulsion of the products of conception, but the cervical os remains closed and the embryo or fetus continues to be viable. An open cervical os, which indicates the "inevitable" passage of the conception products, distinguishes an "inevitable" abortion from a "threatened" abortion. There is an "incomplete" passage of the products of conception through the cervical os in an incomplete abortion. A "complete" abortion refers to the passage of all embryonic products. Three or more failed pregnancies in a row are considered to be recurrent abortions. Septic abortion can occur when the infected products of conception that were retained are induced during a non-sterile abortion.
Sexual intercourse is the core route of transmission of a wide range of infections, and a significant route for many others. Sexually transmitted infections caused by bacterial, fungal and protozoal agents have been curable with antimicrobial agents for over 40 years. In spite of this, such sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) continued to be a public health problem in developed and developing countries alike. However, most developed countries now have very low rates of infection, with the exception of chlamydia. In contrast, many developing countries continue to experience high rates of STD. The reasons for failure to control STD are complex and vary from one setting to another; nevertheless, there are a number of factors which either singly or in combination have led, at both local and national level, to an inadequate response to the problem of STDs.
Preconception health that focusses in fertility preservation, diagnosing and treating infertility, and other reproductive problems.  Each individual has the proper to form their own choices about their sexual and reproductive health. UNFPA, in conjunction with partners, works towards the universal access to sexual and reproductive health and rights and also birth control. An important part of Reproductive Medicine includes promoting fertility in both men and women. For fertility issues, this may involve assisted reproductive technology (ART) such as in-vitro fertilization (IVF) or fertility medication. The use of reproductive medical treatments has become increasingly routine in recent years.

Usually, Infertility is categorized as not having the capacity to get pregnant (consider) following one year of unprotected sex. Infertility is the disappointment to wind up pregnant/impregnate or convey a pregnancy to full term. There might be numerous reasons for Infertility, including some that medicinal mediation can treat. A woman is considered as an infertile on the off chance that she has struggled for 1 year to get pregnant and hasn't utilized anti-conception medication. A man is viewed as infertile if he has too couple of sperm or his sperm are too unlucky to even consider combining with a lady's egg. Infertility isn’t just a woman’s problem. Men can be infertile too. Actually, men and women are similarly likely to have fertility difficulties. Fortuitously, there are numerous safe and effective therapies that significantly improve your chances of getting pregnant.
It is a human right to have safe, voluntary family planning. Planning a family is an important part of poverty reduction, gender equality, and women's empowerment. However, an estimated 257 million women in developing regions who want to avoid pregnancy do not use safe and effective family planning methods for a variety of reasons, including a lack of support from their partners or communities or access to information or services. Their ability to build a better future for themselves, their families, and their communities is in jeopardy as a result of this. By: UNFPA supports family planning ensuring that high-quality contraceptives are available at all times; enhancing the national health care systems; promoting policies that encourage family planning; and collecting information to support this work. By convening partners, including governments, to develop evidence and policies and by providing programmatic, technical, and financial assistance to developing nations, UNFPA also plays a global leadership role in expanding access to family planning.
Menopause is the time of life when the menstrual cycles cease, and is caused by reduced secretion of the ovarian hormones oestrogen and progesterone. Although menopause is a usual event for women, each and every individual experiences vary, and some women seek out medical guidance for the management of symptoms. Many symptoms have been recognized to menopause, but only vasomotor dysfunction and vaginal dryness are consistently associated with this period of life in epidemiological studies. And other common symptoms are mood changes, sleep disturbances, urinary incontinence, cognitive changes, somatic complaints, sexual dysfunction, and reduced quality of life may be secondary to other symptoms, or related to other causes.
Nursing might be a calling inside the medical services area zeroed in on the consideration of individuals, families, and networks all together that they may achieve, keep up, or recuperate ideal wellbeing and personal satisfaction. Attendants could likewise be separated from other medical care suppliers by their way to deal with patient consideration, preparing, and extent of training. Currently women health had become a main concern because where it also has an impact on family health. Both men and women have a same health challenge, but the women health deserves to pay a more attention. The general health issues faced by women’s are breast cancers, adolescent pregnancy, and unsafe abortion and STD (Sexual Transmitted Disease) many more. Therefore, to acquire the health equity all over the life expectancy, it is an instant that every female must have the knowledge of information related to her reproductive health and also all the perspective of her body. Healthy habits are the best way to avoid disease, to prolong women’s life, and live more happily.
Due to the huge progression in science and technology, the level of  Gynecology treatment had been extended to its next level. Obstetric patients with higher blood pressure can be treated via telemedicine, where there is no need for hospitalization. “ANGLEeYe” Camera Systems LLC and AirToco LLC are the equipment invented for movement detection that can be fixed on patients to measure maternal activity levels. Some of the modern development includes Bluetooth pregnancy test, 3D printing demonstrations a promise of creating a prosthetic ovary Smartphone app that can sense premature birth risk', a New drug found to eradicate Hepatitis C, a Smartphone app that could identify HIV in 15 minutes, etc.

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